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Articles by Refuge Clinical Staff

Trauma Bonding, Codependency & Toxic Relationships

By: Janina Sola, Therapist One of the most challenging aspects of life is forming healthy bonds and relationships with others.  When mixed with a history of trauma, it can become even more complicated.  Often times, a person who has experienced trauma, forms an unhealthy loyalty to others which is termed as trauma bonding.  Trauma bonding … Read More